What Are Some Gum Disease Treatments?
A common dental issue that affects millions of patients is gum disease. This condition results in inflammation of the gums. Untreated gum disease can eventually result in damage to the gum tissue and supporting bone structure, which secures the teeth in place. The earliest stage of gum disease is gingivitis. As it advances, it turns into a more advanced stage called periodontitis.
Cause
The overgrowth of bacteria from plaque causes gum disease. Plaque is a sticky and colorless film that accumulates on the teeth throughout the day. Routine brushing and flossing are ways to remove plaque at home. Plaque that fails to be removed will harden and turn into an extremely hard substance called tartar. Tartar cannot be removed with routine brushing and flossing and requires a professional cleaning for removal.
Summary
Over time, accumulated plaque can turn into tartar. Tartar creates a rough surface which allows for further accumulation of plaque. The bacteria from plaque can also result in infection. The progression of gum disease damages the supporting bone and gum tissue. Below are the three different stages of gum disease:
- Gingivitis - This is the initial or early stage of gum disease. It results in gum inflammation and can cause the gums to bleed easily. In addition, the gums may be swollen and red. This stage of gum disease can be reversed when it is quickly detected and treated.
- Periodontitis - The next stage of gum disease is periodontitis, which can result in damage to the fibers and bone tissue that secures the teeth. There is a formation of periodontal pockets at the base of the tooth, below the gum line. The pockets trap plaque and make it extremely difficult to clean the teeth.
- Advanced Gum Disease - When a patient has advanced gum disease, there is destruction of the supporting tissue and bone. This often results in loose teeth or even tooth loss. It is possible for this form of gum disease to impact the patient’s bite or result in difficulty with speaking and eating. The dentist will do everything possible to preserve the natural teeth. Unfortunately, there may be too much damage, and the only solution is to remove the teeth.
Signs and Symptoms
Below is a summary of signs and symptoms associated with gum disease:
- Bleeding gums
- Gums that are swollen, red, or sensitive
- Receding gums
- Halitosis or bad breath
- Teeth that are loose or wiggly
- Sensitivity, especially to sweets or hot and cold temperatures
- Discomfort when chewing
Treatment Options
A professional cleaning at the dentist is the only effective solution for removing tartar. Once the tartar is removed, it is critical for patients to practice good oral hygiene. This includes brushing the teeth at least twice daily, flossing each day, and regular dental visits. During these visits, patients will receive an examination and professional cleaning. These visits help to detect any issues, including gum disease. The early detection of gum disease is vital in a positive outcome.
Scaling and Root Planning
In cases of advanced gum disease, patients typically require a procedure called scaling and root planing. This procedure eliminates infection and reduces the size of the periodontal pockets. The dental professional will use lasers or other handheld tools to clean below the gums on the teeth in addition to the root surfaces. The procedure is highly effective in restoring the patient’s oral health.
If you are concerned with your oral health or suspect that you have gum disease, call the office today. We can determine if you have gum disease and review your treatment options in order to restore your oral health.